Sunday, 20 September 2015

ac.commutative algebra - non-Dedekind Domain in which every ideal is generated by at most two elements

By way of comparison, Dedekind domains are characterized by an even stronger property, sometimes referred to colloquially as "$1+epsilon$''-generation of ideals. Namely:



Theorem: For an integral domain $R$, the following are equivalent:
(i) $R$ is a Dedekind domain.
(ii) For every nonzero ideal $I$ of $R$ and $0 neq a in I$, there exists $b in I$ such that $I = langle a,b rangle$.



The proof of (i) $implies$ (ii) is such a standard exercise that maybe I shouldn't ruin it by giving the proof here. That (ii) $implies$ (i) is not nearly as well known, although sufficiently faithful readers of Jacobon's Basic Algebra will know it: he gives the result as Exercise 3 in Volume II, Section 10.2 -- "Characterizations of Dedekind domains" -- and attributes it to H. Sah. (A MathSciNet search for such a person turned up nothing.) The argument is as follows: certainly the condition implies that $R$ is Noetherian, and a Noetherian domain is a Dedekind domain iff its localization at every maximal ideal is a DVR. The condition (ii) passes to ideals in the localization, and the killing blow is dealt by Nakayama's Lemma.

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