star trek - Could Data pass the Kobayashi Maru?

According to Memory Alpha in the Koyabashi Maru article, "The test is required for command-track cadets." That leaves the question of whether he's a command-track cadet. On the Enterprise, Data is third in command. He also has a constant desire to better himself and do as much as he can. In Redemption, Part II, Picard has had to re-assign many officers and put some in command positions. Data specifically asks why he was overlooked, indicating that Data does want to be able to command a starship (and Picard agrees he should, and assigns him to command the Sutherland). This shows that Data carries a desire to not just better himself, but to command a ship, so, given the option, would opt for the command-track.

And all command-track cadets take the Koyabashi Maru, so he would have taken it. Also, it's not just about fear. It's about stress and making the best decision possible when none will achieve your goal.

As to whether it would or would not have an effect on Data, that is just as important for any other office. In Peak Performance Data loses a game of strategema to a master player and assumes his programming is faulty. He removes himself from duty and, in effect, goes through a self-pity session until Picard orders him to get back into everything.

Data is not perfect and there are issues that arise in his programming. When faced with a no-win situation, Starfleet would have no idea what might happen to him. He might go into an infinite loop, he could shut down or do other things that aren't as easily to predict. From Starfleet's point of view, it would be as important to test Data in that scenario as it would be to test any other cadet.

What if, when the Klingons appeared, Data just stared at the viewscreen and started babbling about the uselessness of the scenario or something similar? As we saw, this very kind of thing happened after Data had been on active duty for years, including two years on the Enterprise, so a test to see how he'd behave under stress and unusual circumstances would be necessary.